When a ray of light travels from denser to rarer medium at the angle of incidence greater than critical angle for the pair of media, the ray gets reflected back to the denser medium without any loss of energy. This phenomenon is called total INTERNAL reflection.
Which is always constant for a machine of given design: MA or VR ? Ans: VR remains constant for a machine of given design as it depends on the distances moved by the load and effort but MA can vary due to the friction developed between the moving parts of the machine.
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